C3 : 3.1-MOLE

In chemistry the mole is a fundamental unit in the Système International d'Unités, the SI system, and it is used to measure the amount of substance. This quantity is sometimes referred to as the chemical amount.

- Mole is the generally accepted SI unit for measuring the amount of substance

- Mole is abbreviated to mol

- Mole has the symbol n

Defination mole in terms of C-12

One mole is the amount of substance that contains the same number of particles as the number of atoms in exactly 12.00g of C-12.

12 g of carbon-12 atoms = 6.02 x 10²³ carbon atoms

6.022 x 10²³ is called the Avogadro number or Avogadro constant 

Avogadro's number is equal to 602,214,199,000,000,000,000,000 or more simply, 6.02214199 × 10 ²³ 

N_A is the symbol used to represent the Avogadro Number

Defination mole in terms of Avogadro’s constant, N_A
One mole is the amount of substance that contains Avogadro’s constant, N_A of particles.

1 mole of "ANYTHING" contains 6.022 x 10²³ entities.

1 mole of donuts contains 6.02 x 10²³ donuts

1 mole of H₂O contains 6.02 x 10²³ molecules

1 mole of nails contains 6.02 x 10²³ nails

1 mole of Fe contains 6.02 x 10²³ atoms

1 mole of cats contains 6.02 x 10²³ catss
1 mole of electrons contains 6.02 x 10²³ electrons

1 MOLE = 6.02 x 10²³ particles 
1 MOLE = Molar Mass in gram ( Ar @ Mr )
1 MOLE = Molar Volume gas ( S.T.P @ R.T.P )

1.0 mol of chlorine atoms ( Cl )
= 6.023x10²³ chlorine atoms
= 35.5 g Cl

1.0 mol of chlorine molecules ( Cl₂ )
= 6.023x10²³ chlorine molecules
= 2(35.5) g
= 71.0 g Cl₂
= 6.023x10²³ x 2 chlorine atoms

1.0 mol of calcium bromide
= 6.023x10²³ units of CaBr₂
= 200 g CaBr₂
= 6.023x10²³ calcium ions
= 6.023x10²³ x 2 bromide ions

  1.0 mol of ammonia, NH₃ contains 
1.0 mol of nitrogen atoms and 
3.0 mol of hydrogen atoms.

1.0 mol of phosphorus, P₄ contains 
4.0 mol of phosphorus atoms.                            

1.0 mol of Na₂SO₄^.10H₂O contains 
2.0 mol of natrium ions, 
1.0 mol of sulphur atoms, 
4.0 mol of oxygen atoms and 
10.0 mol of water molecules.